植绒和棉签拭子对不同载体微量生物物证的提取研究

摘要

Objective To compare the effect of the 4N6FLOQSwabsTM and Nano-cotton swab on extracting trace DNA. Methods Three kinds of pre-decontaminated carriers, glass, screw driver and drawer’s handle, were used to contact volunteers’ hands and 9 pairs of samples of human trace DNA (fingerprints on glass, exfoliated cells on screwdrivers and drawer handles) were prepared. DNA was extracted by either 4N6FLOQSwabsTM and/or Nano-cotton swab from all the samples and analyzed with GeneMapper ID V3.2 software. The DNA extract efficiency was judged by the quantity of the detected loci, the loss of allelic genes and the peak area. Results For the 4N6FLOQSwabsTM, five samples were successfully detected and the other four were effectively detected. For the Nano-cotton swab, all the nine samples were detected just at the effective level along with more significant loss of allelic gene and more remarkable lower peak area than the corresponding one of the 4N6FLOQSwabsTM. Conclusions The effect of extracting trace DNA using 4N6FLOQSwabsTM is better than that using Nano-cotton swab.%目的：比较4N6FLOQSwabsTM 植绒拭子和复合纳米棉签拭子对微量生物样本 DNA 的提取效果。方法选取常见的三种载体（玻璃、一字开刀、抽屉拉手），经消毒去污处理，模拟载体表面微量 DNA 样本，分别采用4N6FLOQSwabsTM 植绒拭子和复合纳米棉签拭子提取载体上微量 DNA 样本，以检出 STR 分型基因座数量、等位基因丢失数量、峰高面积三个方面作为提取效果的比较指标。结果4N6FLOQSwabsTM 植绒拭子提取微量DNA 样本组成功检出5份微量 DNA 样本，有效检出4份；复合纳米棉签拭子提取微量 DNA 样本组中9份微量 DNA 样本均有效检出；复合纳米棉签拭子提取组的等位基因丢失数量显著多于4N6FLOQSwabsTM，峰高面积显著低于4N6FLOQSwabsTM。结论4N6FLOQSwabsTM 植绒拭子对本研究中的玻璃表面指纹印、开刀表面脱落细胞和抽屉拉手表面脱落细胞的 DNA 提取效果显著优于复合纳米棉签拭子。