风险分担作为影响项目管理绩效的重要前因变量，已成为工程项目管理绩效改善相关研究的热点，但鲜见对其进行操作化测量的研究。本文基于不完全契约理论，将不完全的初始契约与再谈判分别映射于工程项目风险分担过程，构建了一个缔约阶段的初始风险分担与履约阶段的风险再分担的两阶段理论模型，并对其操作化测量维度进行了刻画；通过问卷设计与实证分析，开发了工程项目风险分担量表并进行了信效度检验。结果表明：工程项目风险分担可以通过初始风险分担与风险再分担分别测量，初始风险分担的测量包括完备性、可执行性及激励性3个维度；风险再分担可通过目标合理性、过程有效性2个维度测量。该研究对于工程项目风险分担的合同安排及与其他变量的关联性探索具有指导意义。%As an important antecedent of project management performance, risk allocation(RA) has become a research focus but lack of its operation of measurement. Based on the theory of incomplete contract, the paper mapped the initial contract and renegotiation to the project risk allocation, constructed the two-stage theoretical model including initial RA at contracting and risk reallocation at contract performance stage, and depicted their measuring dimensions. In addition, the paper developed risk allocation measure scale on the basis of questionnaire design and empirical analysis, and ana-lyzed its reliability and validity. The results show that project RA can be measured by initial RA and risk reallocation. The initial RA comprises three dimensions of completeness, enforceability, and incentive, and risk reallocation can be measured by the rationality of goal and the effectiveness of process, which have guiding significance to contractual arrangements of RA and exploring the correlation between RA and the other variable.
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