近地无线传感器网络覆盖范围建模

摘要

when the wireless sensor nodes are deployed at a low altitude,signal transmission will be greatly impacted by the outside environment even if not in a complicated terrain. Lots of practical tests show great differences existing between the surface wireless channel and traditional micro-cellular wireless channel,it is impossible to predict the connection state or link quality between nodes accurately by using existing transmission models. This paper using the method of field measurement to analyze the link loss and coverage scope of the wireless transmission under the circumstances that the wireless sensor nodes are deployed on the earth surface with the outdoor environment is flat and open. The loss characteristic of wireless wave transmission can be acquired from the fitting result based on data processing,and the coverage of wireless nodes can be predicted by using the models. These results will provide basis for design and planning of the surface wireless sensor network.%当无线传感器节点贴近地面布设时，尽管四周地形地势较为空旷平坦，两点间的通信性能也会受到很大的影响。大量数据表明，近地无线信道特性与传统微蜂窝信道不同，无法利用现有模型对节点的覆盖范围作出准确预测。因此，针对典型应用环境，利用实测的方法对电波传播时的链路损耗进行了实测分析，通过拟合得出近地无线信道的传播模型，并对网络的覆盖范围进行了预测。所得模型可为近地无线传感器网络的设计规划提供参考。