基于认知特性的飞机仪表界面布局研究

摘要

针对飞机座舱仪表显示界面设计时,有限空间内仪表间大小距离的比值对飞行员视觉辨认绩效影响性问题进行实验研究,为飞机座舱仪表显示界面布局提供功效学依据.设计了视觉搜索程序来模拟驾驶舱仪表显示界面,以反应时为辨认绩效指标,在3种不同大小仪表界面以及6种大小距离比的情况下,进行仪表大小距离比对辨认绩效的影响性实验研究.对实验结果进行差异性分析、回归分析,通过对回归方程的分析,对显示界面仪表大小距离比合理范围进行计算.仪表大小距离比对辨认绩效影响性显著,辨认绩效与仪表大小距离比呈倒"U"型曲线关系.飞机座舱显示界面应设置合理的大小距离比,且合理设置区间为(0.7,0.9).%An experimental study is made to investigate the influence of instrument panel's ratio of diameter and center distance in the limited space on the visual recognition efficiency(RE)of the pilot. To design a visual search program to simulate the cockpit instrument display interface. Take the reaction time as the RE index.there are 3 different types of instrument display interface and 6 different types of the ratio of diameter and center distance to make the experiment.The group RE differences are analyzed by means of variance and regression analysis,to calculate the best range of the ratio. The experimental results show as fellows:the ratio of the diameter and center distance of the instruments has significant influence on RE. The ratio of the diameter and center distance of the instruments and RE are proved to be of inverted u-shaped relationship. It should set the ratio in a reasonable interval in the cockpit display interface and the best range is set as(0.7,0.9).