基于最大相关峭度反褶积法的行星齿轮故障诊断

摘要

针对行星轮系结构复杂，故障信号特征提取困难，提出使用扭振信号对行星齿轮箱故障进行诊断。通过对行星齿轮箱横向振动信号与扭振信号的频谱分析发现，扭振信号相对于往复振动信号更适合行星轮系的故障诊断。针对扭振信号微弱，冲击特性不明显，提出基于最大相关峭度反褶积处理扭振信号。首先对采集的行星齿轮扭振信号先进行零均值化预处理，然后使用MCKD方法增强扭振信号的冲击特性。以故障冲击特性的峭度值作为选择FIR滤波器长度的选择依据，最终使得行星齿轮箱扭振信号的故障冲击特征得到显著提升。该方法对于扭振信号的降噪与提高周期故障冲击特征有效，适用于行星齿轮箱扭振信号的故障诊断。%Due to the structure of a planetary gear train is complicated and the fault signal feature is extremely difficult to extract, so the method of using torsion vibration signal to diagnose the fault of planetary gearboxes is proposed. Based on comparison of spectrums of reciprocating vibration signals and torsion vibration signal, finally the result that torsion vibration signals were more suitable for the fault diagnosis of a planetary gear train than reciprocating vibration signals was obtained. A fault diagnosis method for torsion vibration signal based on maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution was proposed, because the strength of torsion vibration signals is weak and the impact characteristics are not obvious. Firstly the method of zero mean was applied to process torsion vibration signals of planetary gearbox, then MCKD method was utilized to enhance the impact characteristics of torsion vibration signals. The length of FIR filter is based on the kurtosis of fault impact characteristics. Eventually the impact characteristics of the torsion vibration signal of planetary gearbox received a significant promotion by MCKD. The method to reduce the noise component of the torsion vibration signal and improve the cycle impact fault characteristics is effective. It is appropriate for the fault diagnosis of torsion vibration signals of planetary gearboxes.