爆炸冲击波对人体胸部创伤机理的有限元方法研究

摘要

A simplified three-dimensional finite element model for human thoraxes was established and the proper material models and parameters were selected for the different thorax organs.The mechanical interaction of the blast waves and the thorax was explored by the self-developed local-plane wave method based on LS-DYNA.According to the speed differences between the different organs,the trauma distributions were predicted.The trauma distributions of the lung organs were analyzed with the aid of the variations of compressive,tensile and shear stresses in the lung model.The simulated results are consistent with the anatomy experimental results and the calculated results by the Injury code.So the method proposed is effective and precise to simulate the trauma characteristics of human thoraxes subjected to blast shock waves and it can provide an effective approach to the researches on the blast trauma.%通过建立简化的人体胸部三维有限元模型,模拟爆炸冲击波与人体胸部作用,根据人体胸部各个器官的不同,选择合理的材料模型和参数,提出LS-DYNA有限元程序局部平面波改进方法,研究爆炸冲击波与人体胸部作用的力学过程.依据人体胸部各个器官运动的速度差,预测创伤的区域分布；给出肺模型的压、拉应力及剪切应力的变化规律,分析肺的创伤区域的分布,与解剖实验结果基本一致.对比Bowen创伤曲线,证明人体胸部三维有限元模型可以有效得到冲击波创伤特征.