岩爆预警与烈度评价的声音信号分析

摘要

The rockburst process was reproduced using a true-triaixal rockburst test system in laboratory. The sound signal in the rockburst process was recorded and preprocessed, and the feature indexes of the sound signals in three typical failures in the rockburst process, including rock particles ejection, rock splitting, and rock plate ejection, were investigated. The results show that the feature indexes in the three typical failures such as the waveform, the spectrum, the sound print and the shortterm energy exhibit significant differences from each other. Finally, an indicator called total energy of local sound (TELS) was proposed as applicable to assessing the rockburst intensity.%利用真三轴岩爆实验系统在室内再现了岩爆动力破坏过程,采用数字录音笔对岩爆过程的声音信号进行监测,在声音信号预处理的基础上,对岩爆过程中的颗粒弹射、岩板劈裂、块片弹射3种岩石脆性破坏现象的不同声音特征指标进行分析.结果表明:3种典型脆性破坏现象的声音信号在波形、频谱、声纹和短时能量等特性指标上存在明显差异,这些特征指标适用于岩爆的特征提取.提出了一种基于声音信号的岩爆烈度评价指标——局部声响总能量,该指标适用于定量评价岩爆发生的剧烈程度.