基于ZigBee和RFID的消防员定位系统设计

摘要

针对火灾现场遇险消防员定位不准的问题,设计了一种基于ZigBee和RFID技术的消防员定位系统.该系统中将ZigBee模块与RFID模块相结合构成智能阅读器,利用ZigBee模块自组网能力扩展了RFID标签定位距离,利用RFID模块的信息采集功能扩展了ZigBee节点信息识别能力.在系统算法设计中提出了一种改进的四边测距定位算法,该算法首先利用高斯模型分布函数及单传感器分批估计融合理论对测得的RSSI数据进行融合优化,然后采用四边加权质心定位与梯度下降法相结合的算法对待测目标进行定位.通过仿真实验表明,该改进的算法定位精度较高,适合于室内火灾现场对遇险消防员的定位.%Aiming at the problem that the firemen in distress can't be well positioned in the fire scene,a positioning system for firemen is designed on the basis of ZigBee and RFID technology.In this system the ZigBee module and RFID module are combined to be an intelligent reader.By using the self networking capability of the ZigBee module,the RFID tag positioning distance is extended,and by using information collection function of the RFID module,the ZigBee node information recognition is expanded.In the design of system algorithm,the improved quadrilateral ranging algorithm is proposed,which optimizes the measured RSSI data by using the Gauss model distribution function and the single sensor batch estimation fusion theory, and locates the target by using the algorithm of combining the weighted centroid positioning with the gradient descent method.The simulation experiment shows that the improved algorithm has high positioning accuracy,which is suitable for positioning firemen in distress at indoor fire scene.