针对高毒性、易累积的重金属汞污染物,介绍了对硅胶基底材料进行化学改性的方法,从液相和气相两方面详述了硅胶复合材料(包括有机官能团改性硅胶材料和无机磁性硅胶复合材料)在汞吸附分离领域的研究和应用进展,分析了现有研究的不足之处,并对该领域未来的研究方向提出了建议.指出,研制出高效、高选择性、高稳定性、易回收的汞吸附剂是治理工业废水和燃煤烟气中汞污染的关键.%Aiming at mercury,a kind of heavy metal contaminant with high toxicity and easy accumulation properties, the methods for chemical modification of silica gel base material are introduced. The research and application progresses on mercury adsorption and separation with silica gel composites(containing organic functional group modified silica gel materials and inorganic magnetic silica gel composite materials)in liquid phase and gas phase are described in detail. The shortcomings of the existing research are analyzed as well,besides some suggestions on directions for future research are proposed. It is pointed out that the development of mercury adsorbent with high efficiency,high selectivity,high stability and easy recovery is the key to mercury pollution treatment in industrial wastewater and flue gases.
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