基于松弛变量度量模型的生态工业园低碳发展路径下的环境效率评价

摘要

Low carbon development path for eco-industrial park is briefly introduced in this paper,and the slacks-based measure (SBM) of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is tried to evaluate and research environmental efficiency of eco-industrial park operated under low carbon development pathway.The author selected Hefei high-tech zone,Hefei economic development zone,Shanghai Jinqiao eco-industrial zone and Shanghai Xinzhuang eco-industrial zone and typical eco-industrial park,their environmental efficiency was compared with 8 development zones without ecological construction.The evaluation results showed that the environmental efficiency of eco-industrial park was higher on the whole,this was basically consistent with actual situation,so SBM was feasible for evaluating the environmental efficiency of eco-industrial parks operated under low carbon development pathway.However,due to the limited selection of decision-making unit,some individual calculation results do not conform to the actual situation.Of the 4 eco-industrial park,only Shanghai Jinqiao eco-industrial zone reached the average technical efficiency of 1.000,and there is no obvious scale advantage or technical advantage found in eco-industrial park compared with industrial park without ecological construction.Environmental efficiency changes and carbon emissions per industrial added value presented reverse trend change,which is in accord with the objective fact.Given the requirement of SBM for decision making units and input-output index number,the comparison of environmental efficiency between different industrial parks could not performed by SBM model,which still need the further study.%介绍了生态工业园低碳发展的主要途径,然后尝试运用数据包络分析(DEA)法中的基于松弛变量的度量(SBM)模型对合肥高新区、合肥经济开发区、上海金桥、上海莘庄生态工业园低碳发展路径下的环境效率进行评价.并与合肥市其他8个未进行生态工业园建设的非生态工业园的环境效率进行对比.结果表明,从整体来看生态工业园的环境效率高于非生态工业园,评价结果基本与实际情况相符,说明采用SBM模型进行生态工业园低碳发展路径下的环境效率评价是可行的,但是由于选取的决策单位数量有限,导致个别结果不符合实际情况;各工业园技术效率差别较大,生态工业园中只有上海金桥生态工业园的平均技术效率达到1.000,对比非生态工业园,4个生态工业园并没有明显的规模优势或技术优势,环境效率变化的驱动力各有差异;生态工业园的单位工业增加值CO2排放量与环境效率变化整体呈反向趋势,这与客观事实相符;鉴于SBM模型中对决策单元和投入产出指标数量的要求,无法对较少数量的工业园之间的环境效率进行比较,这是SBM模型的不足之处,还有待进一步深入研究.