经济发展导致矿业环境受到污染和破坏的趋势得不到遏制,其中很大原因是没有发挥民众的力量.因矿业环境的公众产品属性而彰显市场失灵,必须通过政府管制以弥补市场的不足.但是政府因信息滞后和官员寻租等现象而导致政府失灵,必须通过民众参与以监督政府.民众问责是监督政府矿业环境管制的主要形式,责任政府是应当接受问责的政府.拓宽问责渠道、创新社会管理、健全法律制度等是矿业社区民众问责政府的改革方向.%The rapid economic development has led to the excessive consumption of mining resource,simultaneously,the environmental pollution and ecological destruction caused by the mineral exploration did not be restrained effectively.Because of the public attribute of mining environment,market mechanism did not worked very well in mining environment protection.So,government regulation should participate in mining environment protection to make up for the inadequacy of the market mechanism.However,the delayed information and rent-seeking of government officials caused regulatory failures on mining environment protection,thus the general public should play the role of government supervisor.Public accountability is the main form of government supervision,and the responsible government should be the one acceptable to the public accountability.Widen the channel of the accountability,innovate the social management mode,and perfect the corresponding legal system are the reform direction of mining community public accountability.
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