乌鲁木齐冬季雾天可吸入颗粒物透射电子显微镜研究

摘要

利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对鸟鲁木齐冬季雾天采集的可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5、PM2.5～10)的形貌特征和集聚状态进行分析.将鸟鲁木齐大气可吸入颗粒物分为烟尘集合体、飞灰、矿物颗粒、硫酸盐和有机颗粒等5种单颗粒类型,并讨论了其来源.TEM分析表明,PM2.5中烟尘集合体占14％,飞灰占7.4％,矿物颗粒占24％,硫酸盐占16.7％,有机颗粒占20.4％；PM2.5～10中烟尘集合体没有观察到,飞灰占4.9％,矿物颗粒占26.8％,硫酸盐占12.2％,有机颗粒占58.5％.%This paper analyzed the morphological characteristics and aggregate state of inhalable particules (PM2.5,PM2.5-10) collected in the winter fog episode of Urumqi by means of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).The inhalable particles in Urumqi classified into five categories of single particle types,including soot aggregates,fly ashes,mineral particles,sulfates and organic particles.The possible sources origins of these particles were discussed in more detail.The TEM analyses revealed that the fly ash are accounting for 7.4％ and 4.9％,mineral particles are 24％ and 26％,sulfates 16.7％ and 12.2％,organic particles are 20.4％ and 58.5％ in PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 respectively and soot aggregates are 14％ in PM2.5,while not observed in PM2.5-10.