基于国际河流开发的国家水质标准差异对比分析

摘要

就国际河流相邻国家用水特点,分析我国与俄罗斯在地表水用于生活饮用水和农田灌溉水2个方面的水质标准进行对比分析,具体分析这2个标准在两国之间的总体差异和具体指标差异.分析的总体结论是俄罗斯的水质标准在项目分类、具体评价指标方面比我国丰富,具体指标的限值要稍严于我国标准.针对两国水质标准的不同,分析在国际河流开发利用中可能导致的冲突及这种差异对我国的影响,并从社会经济发展需求、水资源开发及相关政策关注重点等方面揭示两国水质标准存在差异的原因,为有效解决由于水质标准差异导致的争端提供科学依据.%According to the water-using features of adjacent countries,Water quality standards including the drinking water and the irrigation water quality standards between China and Russia are compared to analyze the affection to our country and the reasons causing the difference of standards.As a conclusion,water quality standards of Russia are stricter than the ones of China,not only the index category but also the limited values of index.All work will serve for settling water quality conflicts of the international rivers between China and Russia due to the different water quality standards.