OMMT分散形态对POE/OMMT复合材料性能的影响

摘要

用熔融插层法制备了乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料和马来酸酐接枝POE(POE-g-MAH)/OMMT纳米复合材料.用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了OMMT在两种基体中的分散形态；采用热重(TG)分析仪和锥形量热仪研究了两种复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能,同时考察两种复合材料的阻隔性能和力学性能.TEM和XRD结果表明,OMMT主要以剥离形态分散在POE-g-MAH基体中,而在POE基体中则团聚.TG分析结果表明,OMMT的加入提高了两种复合材料的热分解温度.锥形量热仪试验结果表明,随着OMMT含量的增加,两种复合材料的热释放速率峰值和质量损失率峰值均降低；OMMT的加入使POE-g-MAH/OMMT复合材料的水蒸气透过率显著减小,且提高了复合材料力学性能.当OMMT含量相同时,POE-g-MAH/OMMT复合材料的热稳定性、阻燃性、阻隔性能和力学性能均优于POE/OMMT复合材料.%The composites of POE /OMMT and POE-g-MAH/OMMT were prepared by using melt intercalation technology. The dispersion state of OMMT in the matrix was observed with transmission electron microscope(TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal stability and flame retardant properties of two composites were studied by using TGA and cone calorimeter, water vapor performance and mechanical properties were studied as well as. TEM photoes and XRD results showed that the layers of OMMT were exfoliated in the POE-g-MAH matrix, in contrast with POE matrix in which the layers of OMMT were agglomeration. Thermal gravimetric a-nalysis results showed that thermal decomposition temperatures increased with the increase of OMMT. Cone calorimeter test results showed that the increasing of OMMT content could significantly reduce the peak heat release rate(PHRR) and peak mass loss rate. Adding OMMT could reduce water vapor performance of POE-g-MAH/OMMT nanocomposites, and promote mechanical properties of the composites. With the same content of OMMT, thermal stability, flame retardant porperties, water vapor performance and mechanical properties of POE-g-MAH/ OMMT nanocomposites were better than those of POE/OMMT.