以耐酸无碱玻璃纤维(GF)为增强体、高韧性聚氨酯(PUR)树脂为基体,利用快速注射拉挤成型工艺制备了PUR/GF复合材料.重点研究了GF含量对PUR/GF复合材料弯曲强度、拉伸强度和断裂韧性及其微观结构的影响,同时考察了该复合材料的电气性能,验证了PUR/GF复合材料作为复合绝缘子芯棒的适用性.结果表明,当GF质量分数为79.7％时,PUR/GF复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂韧性综合性能最优,此时PUR/GF复合材料的拉伸强度为1 330 MPa,冲击强度高达450 kJ/m2,电气性能满足±500 kV直流棒形悬式复合绝缘子技术条件,PUR/GF复合芯棒综合性能优于传统环氧树脂芯棒.其生产效率高、制造成本低,有望作为潜在的电力行业复合绝缘子芯棒的替代材料.%Glass fiber(GF) reinforced polyurethane composites were prepared using acid-resistant, alkali-free GF as the reinforcing agent and high tenacity polyurethane resin as the matrix through fast injection pultrusion process. The influences of GF content on the flexural strength, tensile strength, fracture toughness and micro-structure of the composites were systematically studied. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the composites were investigated to verify their feasibility when used as core rods in composite insulators. The results showed when the mass fraction of GF was 79.7%, the composite rods presented their most balanced mechanical performances with tensile strength of 1330 MPa and impact strength of 450 kj/m2, and electrical property reached the standard of ?500 kV direct-current long-rod suspension composite insulators. Compared with traditional epoxy resin-based core rods, polyurethane composite-based core rods exhibited superior comprehensive properties. They have high production efficiency and low cost, can be used as a potential electric power industry composites for the core rods in composite insulators.
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