蓖麻油基季铵盐插层蒙脱土的制备及其应用

摘要

Organic nano-montmorillonites ( OMMTs ) were prepared by intercalating the layered Na-montmorillonites (Na-MMT ) with quaternary ammonium based on castor oil. X-ray diffractotneter, fourier transform infrared spectroscopic, thermogravimetric analyses and scanning electron microscopic were used to characterize the microstructure and morphology of Na-MMT and OMMTs before and after intercalation. The results showed that quaternary ammonium based on castor oil had intercalated into the layers of Na-MMT successfully and the thermal stability of OMMTs were significantly improved. In addition, polyurethane rigid nanocomposite foams with 2% OMMTs were prepared, and the dispersion of OMMTs in the nanocomposite foams and the effects of OMMTs on the thermal property of the nanocomposite foams were investigated preliminarily. The results showed that OMMTs were exfoliated dispersion in the polyurethane matrix and the thermal stability of nanocomposite foams were improved.%以层状钠基蒙脱土(Na-MMT)为原材料,利用蓖麻油基季铵盐插层处理制备了有机纳米蒙脱土(OMMTs).利用X射线衍射仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、热失重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜表征插层前后Na-MMT及OMMTs结构与形貌的变化.分析表明,蓖麻油基季铵盐已成功插层于蒙脱土片层中,OMMTs的热稳定性显著提高.另外,添加质量分数为2％的OMMTs制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫(FFU)复合材料.初步研究了OMMTs在FFU复合材料中的分散情况及对FFU复合材料热稳定性的影响.结果表明,OMMTs在FFU基体中呈剥离分散,提高了FFU复合材料的热稳定性.