不同种类碳纤维增强酚醛树脂烧蚀复合材料的性能对比

摘要

对比了聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维(PCF)和粘胶基碳纤维(RCF)的密度、平均比热容、拉伸性能,分析了PCF和RCF的表面形貌,研究了PCF增强S-157酚醛树脂(S-157 PF)复合材料(S-157 PF/PCF)和RCF增强S-157PF复合材料(S-157 PF/RCF)的烧蚀性能和弯曲性能,并对复合材料弯曲断口的微观形貌进行分析.结果表明,与PCF相比,RCF的密度略小,平均比热容略大,纤维表面粗糙,拉伸性能远低于前者；S-157 PF/RCF的烧蚀性能优于S-157 PF/PCF,但弯曲性能较差.%Density, average specific thermal capacity, tensile properties of polyacrylonitrile ( PAN )based carbon fiber( PCF ) and rayon based carbon fiber ( RCF ) were compared, moreover surface appearances of carbon fibers were analyzed, in the meantime both ablative properties and flexual properties of PCF reinforced S?57 phenolic resin composite ( S-157 PF / PCF ) and RCF reinforced S-157 phenolic resin composite ( S-157 PF/RCF )were studied, finally micro-appearances on fractures of composites were observed. Results showed that in comparison with PCF, density of RCF was smaller, average specific thermal capacity of RCF was bigger, surface of RCF was rougher, tensile properties of RCF were much worse than those of the former. Ablative properties of S-157 PF/RCF were better than those of S-157 PF/PCF, but flexual properties of the former were worse than those of the latter.