新型增塑剂对硝基苯甲酸长碳链醇酯的合成及表征

摘要

以对硝基苯甲酸( PNBA)、十二醇(LAC)、十四醇、十六醇和十八醇为原料,用浓硫酸催化,直接合成了系列新型增塑剂对硝基苯甲酸长碳链醇酯.通过熔点、红外光谱及核磁共振( 1H NMR)等方法对产物的结构进行了表征.并以对硝基苯甲酸十二醇酯合成为例,通过正交试验确定了最佳反应条件:n (PNBA):n (LAC)=1:2,反应时间t为8h,催化剂用量为1％,产率达95.35％.%A new series of plasticizers higher alkyl 4-nitrobenzoates were synthesized with 4-nitrobenzoic acid, dodecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol as raw materials.The structures of target compounds were characterized by means of melting point, infrared spectrum and 'H-NMR spectra.Through the orthogonal experiment of the 4-nitrobenzoic acid dodecyl ester, the optimal preparation condition was n ( PNBA ) : n ( LAC ) = 1 -2, the reaction time t was 8 h, the amount of catalyst was 1%, the production rate was 95.35%.