HGB改性酚醛／高硅氧布复合材料的制备及性能

摘要

Phenolic resin (PF) was modified by high-strength hollow glass bead (HGB),then PF/high silica fabric/HGB composites laminates were prepared. Effects of HGB content on ablation properties,density and heat-insulating properties of the composites were studied,scanning electron microscopy and metallographic electron microscope were used to observe the distribution of HGB. The results show that HGB disperses uniformly in the resin glue among the high silica fiber bundle. HGB with moderate content can strengthen the char layer and improve the ablation-resistant ability of the composites. When the mass fraction of HGB is 5%,the oxyacetylene ablation rate and mass ablation rate of the composites are the lowest and their value are 0.091 mm/s and 0.0669 g/s,comparing with the composites unfilled with HGB,they decrease by 35.9%and 20.1%. The density of the composite decreases with the increase of HGB content. After comprehensive analysis of specific heat capacity,thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity,when the mass fraction of HGB is 5%,the comprehensive heat-insulating properties of the composites are best.%采用高强中空玻璃微珠(HGB)改性酚醛树脂(PF)，制备了PF/高硅氧布/HGB复合材料层压板，研究了HGB含量对复合材料烧蚀性能、密度、隔热性能的影响，同时采用扫描电子显微镜和金相电子显微镜观察了HGB的分布。结果表明，HGB均匀分散在纤维束与纤维束之间的树脂胶液中；适量的HGB可提高复合材料炭化层强度，从而提高复合材料的耐烧蚀能力；当HGB质量分数为5%时，复合材料氧-乙炔线烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率最低，分别为0.091 mm/s和0.0669 g/s，比未添加HGB的降低了35.9%和20.1%；复合材料的密度随HGB含量的增加而降低；综合比热容、热扩散系数和导热系数的分析，当HGB质量分数为5%时，复合材料的综合隔热性能最好。