PA6／稀土氧化物复合材料力学与抗紫外老化性能*

摘要

Using rare earth oxide (La2O3 and CeO2) as modifier,Polyamide (PA) 6/La2O3 and PA6/CeO2 composites were prepared by melt blending. The mechanical properties of the composites were tested and analyzed,the ultraviolet ray aging resistances of the composites were measured by ultraviolet spectrometer. The results show that the tensile and flexural properties of the composites increase with the contents of La2O3 and CeO2 increasing,but the notched impact strength decreases. La2O3 and CeO2 have high ultraviolet absorption effect and can increase the ultraviolet absorptivity of the composites obviously. In the conditions of the contents of La2O3 and CeO2 being same,the notched impact strength and flexural strength of the composites all decrease with the ultraviolet irradiation time increasing,but the tensile strength increases. In the conditions of the ultraviolet irradiation time being same,the changing trend of the tensile and flexural strength of the composites with the contents of La2O3 and CeO2 increasing are similar to the trend with no ultraviolet irradiation. The changing curve of the notched impact strength of the composites with the contents of La2O3 and CeO2 increasing changes with the ultraviolet irradiation time extending and ultimately becomes a model of increasing firstly and decreasing lastly.%以稀土氧化物(La2O3和CeO2)为改性剂、聚酰胺(PA)6为基体材料，通过熔融混合挤出，分别制得PA6//La2O3和PA6/CeO2复合材料。对复合材料的力学性能进行了测试和分析，并采用紫外光谱仪对复合材料的抗紫外老化性能进行测试。结果表明，复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度随La2O3和CeO2含量的增加而逐渐升高，缺口冲击强度则逐渐下降；La2O3和CeO2具有较高的紫外光吸收作用，可明显提升复合材料的紫外光吸收率；在La2O3和CeO2含量相同的情况下，随紫外光照射时间的增加，复合材料的缺口冲击强度和弯曲强度下降，拉伸强度提高；在紫外光照射时间相同的情况下，复合材料的拉伸和弯曲强度随La2O3和CeO2含量变化的趋势与未照射时的变化趋势基本相似；随着紫外光照射时间的延长，复合材料缺口冲击强度随La2O3和CeO2含量变化的曲线逐渐发生改变，最终变为先升高后降低模式。