聚磷酸铵阻燃聚乳酸／竹粉复合材料的性能研究*

摘要

利用聚磷酸铵(APP)作为阻燃剂与竹粉(BF)、聚乳酸(PLA)共混，经模压成型工艺制备阻燃PLA/BF复合材料，并对该复合材料的性能进行了测试与表征。结果表明，随着APP添加量的增加，复合材料的力学性能有所降低，但下降的幅度并不明显，而复合材料的热稳定性和质量保持率得到提升；另外，添加APP对复合材料燃烧过程中热量的释放产生了明显的抑制作用，复合材料的燃烧热释放速率下降了近一半，平均只有约150 kW/m2，但同时也一定程度增加了复合材料的生烟量。综合比较，当APP的质量分数为20%时，复合材料具有最佳的性能。%APP was used as flame retardant for blending with bamboo flour and polylactic acid,the flame retardant polylactic acid/bamboo flour composite was prepared by moulding technology,and the performance of the composites was tested and characterized. The results show that the mechanical properties of composite decrease with the increase of APP content,but the extent is not obvious,and the thermal stability and mass retention rate of the composites increase. Moreover,the heat release of the composites during the combustion is inhibited obviously by APP,nearly half of the heat release rate of the composites is decreased,the average only about 150 kW/m2,but also the smoke level of the composites is increased. Through the comprehensive comparison,when the mass fraction of APP is 20%,the composites has the optimal performance.