薄竹面竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫夹芯复合板制备研究*

摘要

利用竹纤维、薄竹单板等短生长周期的可再生生物质资源制备了薄竹面竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫夹芯复合板材。研究环氧AB胶、白胶、万能胶和塑料胶4种市场上常见粘合剂对复合板材的胶合强度和耐高温性能的影响，确定最佳粘合剂为环氧AB胶。对无纺布、玻璃纤维布、不锈钢丝网、天然麻纤维网格布、抗裂的确良等5种不同网格材料增强薄竹面竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫夹芯复合板材的力学性能和尺寸稳定性进行了对比研究。结果表明，天然麻纤维网格布是最佳增强材料，与未用网格材料增强的薄竹面竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫夹芯复合板材相比，其压缩强度提高5.55%，纵向弯曲强度提高26.28%，横向弯曲强度提高28.33%，冲击强度提高68.47%。且天然麻纤维网格布增强薄竹面竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫夹芯复合板材性能基本达到JC/T 1051–2007“铝箔面硬质酚醛泡沫夹芯板”行业标准要求。%Fire-retardant phenolic foam sandwich panels were manufactured by using renewable bamboo fiber and sliced bamboo veneer. Effects of four types of adhesive,including epoxy adhesive,PVAC,decorating-adhesive and polystyrene adhesive on heat resistance and bonding strength of sandwich panels were studied. The results show that four types of adhesives can meet the demand of bonding strength of sandwich panels and the epoxy adhesive demonstrates best properties. Then five types grid fabrics such as non-woven fabrics,fiberglass fabrics,stainless steel wire mesh,natural hemp’s fiber mesh fabrics and terylene were used to improve the mechanical properties and the dimensional stability of bamboo fiber reinforced phenolic foamed sandwich panels. It is found that the natural hemp’s fibers mesh fabrics shows best results in five types fabrics. Compared the unreinforced composite plates,the compression strength of the sandwich panels reinforced by natural hemp’s fibers mesh fabrics increases by 5.55%, lengthways flexural strength increases by 26.28%,transverse flexural strength increases by 28.33%,and impact strength increases by 68.47%. The properties of the sandwich panels reinforced by natural hemp’s fibers mesh fabrics can meet closely the demanded of industry standard (JC/T1051–2007)“aluminum foil faced rigid phenolic foam sandwich panels”.