氧化石墨烯(GO)与聚合物的相容性较差，采用长链烷胺对其改性可以提高其与聚合物基体的相容性，同时还可以促进成炭而起到一定的协同阻燃作用。利用十八烷基胺(ODA)对GO功能化制备了十八烷基胺改性氧化石墨烯(GO–ODA)。将GO–ODA填充到环氧树脂／聚磷酸铵(EP／APP)阻燃复合材料中，研究了GO–ODA添加量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，少量GO–ODA的加入可以明显提高复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和极限氧指数(LOI)。固定APP阻燃剂的质量分数为20%，在EP／APP阻燃复合材料中加入质量分数1%的GO–ODA时，与EP／APP阻燃复合材料相比，复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度均有最大值，分别为67.23 MPa和4.87 kJ／m2，分别提高15.65%和13.79%；复合材料的LOI从30.0%提高到32.3%；热失重测试结果表明，在EP／APP复合材料中加入1%的GO–ODA后，复合材料在650℃时的质量保持率为36.6%，明显高于EP／APP的27.9%；复合材料燃烧后的残炭形貌呈泡孔状网络结构，证实少量的GO–ODA与APP阻燃剂复合使用，可发挥出很好的协同阻燃效果。%There is a poor compatibility for graphene oxide(GO) and polymer,so the compatibility can be improved by modifying GO with long chain alkyl amine,meantime,the synergetic effect of flame resistance can also be achieved by the char promotion. GO modified by octadecylamine(ODA) was synthesized by a reaction between ODA and GO. GO-ODA was added into epoxy resin(EP)/ammonium polyphosphate(APP) flame retarded composite with different fractions,the properties of the composites were studied in detail. Results show that the tensile strength,impact strength and limited oxygen index(LOI) of the flame retarded composites are improved by filling with a little GO-ODA. When the mass fraction of APP flame retardant is 20%,the tensile strength and impact strength of EP/APP flame retarded composite with 1% GO-ODA reach the maximum of 67.23 MPa and 4.87 kJ/m2,improved 15.65% and 13.79% respectively,the LOI increases from 30.0% to 32.3%,comparing with EP/APP flame retarded composite. The thermogravimetry test results show that the char residue ratio at 650℃ increases to 36.6% from 27.9% when 1% GO-ODA is added into EP/APP flame retarded composite,another,the residual char of the composite has a special structure of bubble networks,which proves the excellent synergetic effect of flame resistance can be achieved by compounding little GO-ODA and APP flame retardants.
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