为了改善花生壳与高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)基体的界面相容性，分别采用5% NaOH，5% HAc及高温和微波水浴四种方式对花生壳粉进行预处理，再用硅烷偶联剂KH550处理花生壳粉，用模压方法制备成PE-HD／花生壳木塑复合材料。通过对花生壳粉进行化学成分和X射线衍射分析表明，各种预处理均提高了花生壳粉中纤维素的含量，降低了半纤维素和木质素的含量，且提高了纤维素的相对结晶度。通过对PE-HD／花生壳木塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能的分析表明，大部分复合预处理改善了木塑复合材料的力学性能和防水性能。其中用NaOH和硅烷偶联剂KH550复合预处理对木塑复合材料的力学性能和防水性能改善效果最明显，与只用KH550处理的木塑复合材料相比，其弯曲强度提高了26.2%，冲击强度提高了62.1%，浸泡192 h的吸水率由14.9%降低为4.1%。这主要是因为NaOH预处理对花生壳粉的性能改变最显著，导致花生壳粉和PE-HD的界面相容性明显提高。%To improve the interface compatibility between peanut shell and PE-HD matrix,the peanut shell powder was treated by 5% NaOH,5% HAc,high temperature and microwave respectively,then treated by silane coupling agent KH550. The PE-HD/peanut shell wood plastic composites were prepared by blending with PE-HD and peanut shell through molding. Through chemical composition and X-ray diffraction analysis of the peanut shell powder,it is found that different kinds of pretreatments all increase the content of cellulose,decrease the content of hemicellulose and lignin,and increase the degree of relative crystallinity of cellulose. The mechanical properties and water absorption performance of the PE-HD/peanut shell wood plastic composites were investigated. The experimental results show that most pretreated methods improve the mechanical properties and waterproof performance of the composites. In addition,the composite prepared with NaOH and KH550 has best comprehensive performance. Compared with that of the composites only prepared by KH550,the bending strength of the composites pretreated by NaOH and KH550 enhances by 26.2%,the impact strength increases by 62.1%,and the water absorption decreases from 14.9% to 4.1 %. This is mainly due to that NaOH pretreatment changes the chemical and physical properties of the peanut shell powder most obviously. Thus the interface compatibility between peanut shell and PE-HD is most improved by NaOH and KH550 combined pretreatment.
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