GF增强PP／苎麻纤维复合材料的制备及其性能研究

摘要

Different volume fraction of ramie fibers reinforced polypropylene composites were prepared by means of nonwoven process and mold-pressing technology. Then a certain volume fraction of glass fibers(GF) were added to fabricate the GF/ramie fibers reinforcd polypropylene composites. The flexural properties and shear properties and water absorption properties of the composites were tested,the scanning election microscope was also adopted to describe the morphology change of interface bonding conditions in the composites. The results show that the flexural and shear properties of PP/ramie fibers composites attain a peak while the volume fraction of ramie fiber is 40%. When the volume fraction of glass fiber and ramie fiber is 5%and 35%respectively, the flexural strength, flexural modulus and shear strength of the PP/GF/ramie fibers composites improves by 18.48%,10.22%, 31.41%respectively and the composite has the lowest water absorption.%采用非织造-模压工艺，以苎麻纤维为增强体和聚丙烯（PP）纤维制备了PP／苎麻纤维复合材料，然后添加玻璃纤维（GF）对PP／苎麻纤维复合材料进行增强改性。分别研究了不同含量苎麻纤维、GF对复合材料弯曲性能、剪切性能及吸水性能的影响，并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了改性前后复合材料界面结合的微观形貌变化。结果表明，当PP／苎麻纤维复合材料中苎麻纤维体积分数为40%时，复合材料的弯曲、剪切性能最优；当添加体积分数为5%的GF和35%的苎麻纤维时，PP／GF／苎麻纤维复合材料弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、层间剪切强度分别增加18.48%，10.22%和31.41%，且复合材料吸水率最小。