典型液体危化品吸附材料性能

摘要

目前用于典型液体危化品吸附的材料类型主要有树脂型和有机高聚物超细纤维型,两种类型中分别选取甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂和聚丙烯纤维吸附材料,对此两种吸附材料的吸附相关特性进行了对比实验研究,包括吸附倍率与时间的关系、吸附选择性以及循环吸附/解吸特性等.结果表明,两种吸附材料吸附甲苯的吸附平衡时间均为4 s左右,其中聚丙烯纤维吸附材料的平衡吸附倍率为17.82 g/g,为甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂的2.2倍;两种吸附材料都具有较好的吸附选择性;聚丙烯纤维吸附材料在吸附甲苯后能够通过挤压方式解吸附实现循环使用,平均解吸率在80%以上;甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂在吸附甲苯后无法通过挤压方式进行解吸附.实验结果将为基于吸附材料的水面液体危化品回收设备的研发奠定基础.%The main types of adsorbents used for typical liquid hazardous materials are resin and organic polymer superfine fiber at present. Methacrylate resin adsorbent and polypropylene fiber adsorbent were selected for the two types respectively. The adsorption performances of the two adsorbents were studied,including the relationship between adsorption ratio and time,adsorption selectivity and adsorption/desorption performance. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time of toluene adsorbed by two adsorbents is about 4 s,and the equilibrium adsorption radio of the polypropylene fiber adsorbent is 17.82 g/g,which is 2.2 times of that of the methacrylate resin adsorbent. Both of the adsorbents have good adsorption selectivity. The polypropylene fiber adsorbent can be recycled by extrusion after adsorption of toluene,and the average desorption rate is above 80%. The methacrylate resin adsorbent after the adsorption of toluene can't be desorbed by extrusion. The experimental results will lay a foundation for the development of liquid hazardous materials recovery equipment based on adsorbent.