义海木里露天煤矿冻土爆破实验研究

摘要

为确定适用于义海木里露天煤矿地区的冻土爆破参数,采用现场实验的方法,研究了钻孔设备的选择、炮孔防护方法、起爆器材和炸药的爆炸性能以及爆破参数之间的关系等.结果表明:钻孔设备宜选用阿特拉斯D9钻机或更先进的钻机;利用PVC管做防护器材,炮孔利用率提高20%以上;导爆管应提前泄压才能在高原环境下使用;采用药壶爆破实验评估炸药爆炸性能,结果显示乳化炸药的作功能力强于铵油炸药.得出适用于义海木里煤矿地区的冻土爆破参数:孔径为80~120 mm,孔深不大于6 m,孔距和排距的组合取(4~5)m ×(2.5~3.5)m,炸药单耗为0.28~0.3 kg/m3,底盘抵抗线不宜超过2.8 m,采用斜线起爆网路.%A series of field tests were carried out to obtain suitable frozen soil blasting parameters for Yihaimuli open coal mine,including suitable punch machine,blasthole protection method,performance of initiation material and explosive,relationship of blasting parameters.The results showed that Atlas D9 drill or more advanced drill should be chosen,blasthole utilization ratio was increased more than 20% by using PVC pipe as protective equipment,detonating tube could be used through pressure relief in advance in the plateau environment,springing blasting experiments were used to evaluate explosive performance,indicating that emulsion explosive was better than ANFO explosive in explosive power.Finally,suitable blasting parameters for Yihaimuli open coal mine were obtained: hole diameter was 80~120 mm,hole depth was no more than 6 m,the combination of hole distance and row distance was (4~5) m×(2.5~3.5) m,explosive unit consumption was 0.28~0.3 kg/m3,bottom burden was no more than 2.8 m,oblique line initiation network should be used.