以窄坡口焊枪摆动数学模型和焊丝熔化模型为基础,建立窄坡口MAG焊枪摆动系统的电弧长度数学模型.进行射流过渡和短路过渡条件下不同焊枪摆动宽度的焊接试验.通过高速摄像系统得到电弧和熔滴图像,分析焊枪摆动宽度对电弧和熔滴过渡的影响.利用建立的数学模型模拟电流、电压和弧长随时间变化的规律,对焊枪摆动宽度为3 mm时的短路过渡焊接试验中的电弧和熔滴现象进行理论解释.研究发现,在侧间距(焊丝到侧壁的距离)为0～0.5 mm时,电弧燃烧稳定,熔滴过渡平稳,焊缝质量良好.%Based on narrow groove welding torch swing mathematical model and wire melting model,establishes mathematical model of arc length the torch swing system in narrow groove MAG welding.Welding tests of different torch swing widths were carried out under conditions of spray transfer and short circuit transfer respectively.Getting its arc and droplet image through the high-speed camera system,influence of the swing arc width on the arc and metal transfer were studied.Finally,using the established mathematical model to simulate the variation the law of current,voltage and arc length over time.Arc and droplet phenomena are explained in the theory in the test of short circuit transfer welding with torch swing width 3 mm.The study show that the arc combustion is stable,the droplet transfer is stable,and the weld quality is good when the distance between the wire and the side wall is 0～0.5 mm.
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