会泽铅锌尾矿区自然生长的3种豆科植物铅锌耐性的研究

摘要

为了解会泽铅锌尾矿区自然发生的豆科植物对重金属的耐性,研究了该地区自然发生的3种豆科植物在Pb2+/Zn2+单盐和双盐胁迫下种子萌发及其幼苗生长的情况.研究表明:在本实验所设的浓度范围内,Pb2+/Zn2+单独胁迫时,对供试植物种子及幼苗的生长主要表现为抑制作用,除苕子(ViciaCraccaL.)外,金属离子的质量浓度越大抑制作用越强；Pb2+/Zn2+共同胁迫时出现复杂的交互作用.对于苕子的种子及幼苗的生长,Pb2+/Zn2+呈现明显的相互加强抑制作用；对于其它2种植物,当Zn2+浓度在低质量浓度时,Pb2+似乎对Zn2+抑制有缓解作用,同样当Pb2+浓度在低质量浓度时,Zn2+似乎对Pb2+抑制有缓解作用,但是当Pb2+/Zn2+高浓度时,Pb2+/Zn2+呈现明显的相互加强抑制作用.不论是单盐还是双盐,苕子对的耐性最强,其次为白三叶(Trifolium repens L.),紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)最弱.会泽铅锌尾矿区重金属含量高是该区植被恢复的最大障碍,进一步研究植物对Pb2+及Zn2+的耐受性对于铅锌尾矿区的植被恢复有极其重要的意义.%In this paper, the effects of Pb2+/Zn2+ on seed germination and seedling growth of three legumes species which occurred naturally in lead-zinc mining tailings in Huize were studied. The result showed that, under Pb2+ or Zn2+ stress, the seed germination and seedling growth of three plants were inhibited under concentration of Pb2+-Zn2+ on this paper, and except Vicia Cracca, the higher concentration of heavy metal ion was, the stronger inhibition was exerted on two others. Under double Pb2+-Zn2+salts, the complicated interaction existed commonly among the experiment plants. For Vicia Cracca, the interaction on the seed germination and seedling growth was increased strongly under interaction of Pb2+ and Zn2+. When the concentration of Zn2+ was low, the inhibition of Pb2+ was alleviated by Zn2+ in two others. Similarly, when the concentration of Pb2+was low, the inhibition of Zn2+ was alleviated by Pb2+, but the concentration of Pb2+ or Zn2+ both were high, the inhibition on the seed germination and seedling growth were enhanced by each other. The result aslo showed that, the tolerance capability to Pb2+/Zn2+ of Vicia Cracca was the strongest under the stress of single salt or double salts, the tolerance capability of Trifolium repens in the second, and Medicago sativa showed the weakest tolerance capability to Pb2+/Zn2+. It is difficult to recover vegetation of lead-zinc tail mining of Huize because high content heavy metal, so further study on plant tolerated to Pb2+ and Zn2+ are very important significance for the vegetation restoration of lead-zinc tail mining.