敦煌莫高窟第44窟壁画材质及起甲病害研究

摘要

Focusing on Mogao cave 44, this paper presents a study on the materials and techniques used in creating the wall paintings as well as a preliminary investigation of the flaking of the murals. The results suggest that the images in this cave date back to three different periods and that flaking of the surface paint layers is the main cause of deterioration to the wall paintings, though samples of the flaking murals also exhibit curves and cracks. Further investigation shows that the pigments and the ratio of sand and soil in the ground have varied over time. This study provides basic evidence for the causes of the deterioration of the wall paintings in the Mogao caves by studying the environment of cave 44 and the materials of its murals.%本文以莫高窟第44窟为主要研究对象，对第44窟壁画材质及工艺进行了详细的分析，并对其起甲病害做了初步探索。研究表明，莫高窟第44窟存在三个不同时代的壁画，病害以起甲为主。不同时代壁画，其地仗中的土沙比有很大的不同，所用的颜料各个时代亦有差别，起甲颜料样品存在弯曲及断裂现象。通过对第44窟环境及材质的研究，为下一步研究莫高窟壁画起甲病害机理提供了基本依据。