20K温区单级斯特林型脉管制冷机研究

摘要

为进一步研究降低20 K温区单级斯特林型脉管制冷机关键部件中损失的方法,提高整机性能,采用计算软件Sage对制冷机进行模拟.通过实验结果与Sage计算的对比对模拟程序的有效性进行了考察,并从调相系统结构及水冷器结构方面寻找优化途径.结果表明,在单纯使用惯性管气库调相时,计算最低制冷温度比实验值低9K左右；当采用双向进气与惯性管调相组合时,计算同实验结果基本一致.最后引入虚拟的振子阻尼调相机构对制冷机的最佳性能进行研究,计算表明在这种调相结构下,制冷机的无负荷制冷温度及30 K时的制冷量均可以得到比双向进气加惯性管组合调相更优的结果.%A 20 K Stirling-type pulse tube cooler system was developed, whose lowest cold head temperature was 22.7 K. To optimize the system performance further more, Sage software was used to do the simulation and introduce the results. This passage shows the effectiveness of Sage by comparing experimental and results computation. Results show that with inertance-reservoir as the phase shifter, the computational result is 9 K lower than that of the experiment. In case of using double-inlet, all results match well. Finally, a virtual phase shifter was introduced to optimize the system. Computation indicates that under this mode of phase shifter, both the no-load cryogenic temperature and cryogenic power at 30 K can get better performance than when the cooler is under inertance tube and double inlet phase shifters.