高温超导导线在低平行磁场下传输性能的研究及其在电缆应用中的影响

摘要

In the currently prevailing perception, the second generation high temperature superconducting (2G HTS) wires had better performance in magnetic fields than the 1G wires. However, in this study it was found that the 1G wires had better performance than the 2G wires at liquid nitrogen temperature in the low magnetic fields, which were applied parallel to the width of the wires (parallel fields, for short). In this study, both measurements and literature analysis were carried out to confirm this conclusion. HTS cables had obvious advantages in electric power transmission for both long distance and large cities, so their applications would greatly improve the electric power technologies in China. In many HTS applications such as cables, low parallel field was the typical condition. Based on the results obtained in this study and the cost consideration, it could be pointed that the 1G wires had relative advantage in such applications.%在迄今流行的认知当中,第二代高温超导导线相对于一代导线具有更优良的磁场性能,然而本研究发现在液氮温度和低平行场(平行于导线宽面)的条件下实际情况恰好相反.文中通过测量研究和文献调研相结合,确认了这一现象的可靠性.高温超导电缆在远距离输电和大型城市输电方面都具有显著的性能优势,必将为我国电力能源领域带来重大的技术变革.而在高温超导电缆等应用技术中,低平行场是典型的使用条件,根据本研究得到的数据并考虑到价格因素,目前一代导线在这些应用领域中具有明显的相对优势.