大规模无线传感器网络仿真节点随机部署分析

摘要

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is characterized by intensive and random distribution. The WSN with large-scale node deployment makes it difficult or even impossible for practical application and research work. On the basis of the wireless sensor nodes simulation and the application layer process model, this study takes received signal strength indication ranging positioning technology to control node transmission distance, and has deployed a large number of nodes within a relatively small region based on OPNET. After the operation of the simulation model, the performance of network application layer has been analyzed, including the network transmission radius, the relationship between transmission radius and energy consumption, the network delay and throughput. The convergence and the rationality of the network topology structure has been verified. According to the multipath attenuation model, synthetically considering the balance between the data packet transmission distance and the energy consumption, the numerical relationship has been calculated between the node transmission radius and the maximum transmission radius, as well as between the node transmission radius and the minimum transmission radius.%无线传感器网络具有密集型、随机分布的特点. 大规模节点部署的无线传感器网络给实际应用和科研工作带来困扰, 甚至无法完成. 文章基于OPNET平台, 在仿真无线传感器节点和应用层进程模型的基础上, 采取接收信号强度指示测距定位技术控制节点传输距离, 在一个相对较小的空间区域部署大量节点. 仿真模型运行后, 分析了网络应用层若干性能, 包括网络传输半径、传输半径与能量消耗关系、网络延时和吞吐量, 验证了网络拓扑结构的收敛性和合理性. 根据多路衰减模型, 综合考虑数据分组传输距离与能量消耗之间的平衡, 计算出节点传输半径与最大传输半径及最小传输半径的数值关系.