基于FDS的火灾仿真研究

摘要

研究火灾中人员优化疏散、减少损失问题,为获取各种火灾数据,克服实际火灾数据获取困难及体现疏散过程中人员的个体差异性,研究了在公共火灾中的疏散方法,并构建了具有个体差异性的人员疏散模型.研究了火灾仿真软件及基本控制方程.利用FDS( Fire Dynamics Simulator)火灾研究工具软件可较为准确快速地分析复杂的三维火灾问题.以某KTV场所为应用实例,研究FDS的具体应用方法.根据FDS火灾数据,在Java环境下实现了上述模型,并进行了相应的仿真验证.结果表明可为火灾研究和人员疏散提供手段,并对建筑物的布局设计具有一定的指导意义.%The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS ) is one of the important fire simulation softwares on fire research. The FDS can analyze complex three -dimensional fire issues quickly and accurately, meantime, various fire data are obtained. In order to solve the difficulty of obtaining actual fire data and incarnating human variability, the paper is mainly about the application approach of the FDS in public building fire research and personnel evacuation model with human variability. First, the FDS and its basal governing equations were introduced. Second, the detailed method a-bout how to use the FDS was given by an application example of KTV. Last, based on the fire data of the FDS, a personnel evacuation model was constructed and a relevant simulation experiment was conducted with Java. All the a-bove provide the means to fire research and personnel evacuation, and also some instructions to building layout.