水下航行器测量海浪方向分布研究

摘要

Aiming as the shortcomings that traditional methods for directional wave spectrum measurement require large numbers of equipments and long-term data measurement, a directional wave spectrum estimation method using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles is presented. By the computation of cross-spectra and auto-spectra of fluid velocity components, four Fourier moments were determined, by which mean direction for each frequency component of the wave field was obtained. A bulk fluid direction was obtained by using bulk Fourier moments, and weighted by the energy density of the wave field. Simulation results of directional wave spectrum estimation under different sea wave parameters were given to validate the algorithm. It is believed that by this method real time wave distributional estimation of sea area where AUV passing through can be carried out rather than a predefined position.%研究水下优化测量海浪信息问题,由于海浪谱准确实时测量比较难,针对传统的海浪方向谱测量方法均需要大量的仪器设备和长时间的数据测量处理的不足,为提高测量效率,提出一种通过水下航行器测量海浪方向分布的方法.首先利用水下航行器携带的流速测量设备得到所经过海域的三维流速序列,通过计算三维流速的互谱和自谱,得到描述海浪方向分布的傅立叶系数,利用系数推算出各个频率波浪的主波向角,用海浪能量密度加权处理后得到整个海域内海浪的主波向角进行仿真.仿真结果表明了不同海浪参数下估计结果,验证了方法的有效性.改进方法不仅可以获取某一特定地点的海浪方向谱,还可以随水下航行器的位置变化准确实时获取相应海区的海浪方向谱,为设计提供了依据.