无线传感器网络密钥分配方案改进与仿真研究

摘要

研究无线传感器网络安全中的密钥分配问题.由于传感器网络规模大、节点能源非常受限等特点,传统网络中使用的密钥分配策略并不适用于无线传感器网络.为了提高网络的安全性能,在预共享密钥和随机密钥分发方案的基础上,提出一种改进的随机密分配方案.首先通过传感节点的能量大小建立源传感节点到目的传感节点的多条传感节点不相交路径,然后根据传感节点的最小最大能量原理选择一条合适的传感节点不相交路径作为源传感节点和目的传感节点协商路径密钥的通道.仿真结果表明,改进后的方案保留了原方案的网络高安全性等优点,而且进一步节省了节点通信能量,延长了网络的生存周期,更加适用于能量非常受限的无线传感器网络.%Key establishment and management in wireless sensor networks are one of the important targets of security technology researches because traditional key cryptosystems are unsuitable for resource constrained sensor nodes.After establishing direct-keys among neighbor sensors, sensors in the network are different in energy consumption.Thus they can bring bad effects to the network.We propose an energy-balancing key management scheme in distributed sensor networks in order to improve network energy balance.This scheme establishes the energy-based sensordisjoint paths and then chooses a good sensor-disjoint path by which two sensors negotiate an indirect key according to the Min-Max energy method.Compared with the conventional proposals, the proposed scheme provides good energy balance while still maintaining high network resilience.