Wireless Sensor Networks coverage is a key problem in the wireless sensor network. Wireless sensor network nodes has serious redundancy problems which affect the optimizing mechanism of network covering and cause low coverage rate, lots of energy waste, and short lifetime of traditional algorithm. In order to improve the wireless sensor network coverage, prolong the network lifetime, a wireless sensor network optimization mechanism is proposed based on ant colony algorithm. Firstly, the network monitoring area is divided into a number of grid points, utilization rate and the node minimum are used as optimal objective, and a combinatorial optimization mathematical model is established; then using the ant colony algorithm to solve optimization model, thus the optimal network coverage is obrained. Simulation results show that this algorithm has reduced node redundancy and the energy consumption, and improved the network coverage effectively.%关于优化网络生命周期,研究无线传感器覆盖问题,针对无线传感器网络节点存在严重冗余问题,影响网络覆盖优化机制,导致传统算法网络覆盖率低,能量大量消耗,网络生存时间短等难题.为了提高无线传感器网络的覆盖率,有效延长网络生存时间,提出一种基于蚁群算法的无线传感网络覆盖优化机制.首先把网络监测区域划离散化成若干个网格点,将网络有效覆盖率和节点最小利用率作为优化目标,建立一个组合优化数学模型,然后利用蚁群算法对优化模型进行求解,从而得到最优网络覆盖率.仿真结果表明,不仅很好地降低了节点的冗余,减少了网络的能量消耗,而且有效地提高了网络的覆盖率,从而达到了延长网络的生存周期的目的.
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