遗传算法用于波达方向估计的圆阵稀疏优化

摘要

To improve the performance of the conventional beamforming method(CBF) on the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with minimal sensors, a circular array with two circles is optimized through genetic algorithm. In the case of single and multiple sources, we optimize the array geometry to minimize the beamwidth or the maximum sidelobe level with different object functions. The simulation results show that the beamwidth of the designed array is smaller about 1 degree than that of the original circular array. The sidelobe level declines about 3dB. And the optimized array has better performance with different frequency bands and signal to noise ratios.%关于阵列信号优化问题,利用遗传算法对双圈圆阵进行优化,尽量用最少的阵元个数达到甚至取得更好的 DOA 估计,改善了 CBF 算法的方位估计性能.在单源和多源入射条件下,分别设定了不同的目标函数,为了探测阵的主瓣宽度或最大旁瓣水平尽可能小,对双圈圆阵进行了稀疏优化.仿真结果表明:优化阵的主瓣宽度比原始均匀圆阵阵小 1°,最大旁瓣水平降低近 3dB 左右.优化后的阵列在不同频率和低信噪比情况下仍具有较好的 DOA 估计性能,为设计提供了可靠的参考.