基于能量的无线传感器网络分簇算法研究

摘要

研究通信传感器节能问题,针对无线传感器网络存在严重的能量约束条件,网络协议的首要设计目标就是要高效地使用传感器节点的能量,延长网络的存活时间.在分析经典的分簇路由协议 LEACH 的基础上,针对节点能量足提出了能量的改进分簇路由算法,对随机性簇头选择算法中的阈值加以改变,降低该阈值,在原来的阈值中增加了节点的剩余能量因子,降低簇节点的通信负载,并进行仿真.仿真结果表明,改进算法实现了节能、减少平衡节点能耗,有效地延长了网络生存周期.%On the basis of understanding of routing protocol-low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy ( LEACH),this paper analyzed it' s shortcoming and improvement. How to use the limited power efficiently as well as to prolong network's service life is a hot topic in this field. And how to balance power consumption of nodes as well as improve communication capability is also important. This paper proposes a revised cluster routing algorithm which changes cluster heads selection from random to remnant power in order to balance network loads. The simulation results show that the power is saved, the energy consumption is balanced and the network life is prolonged. Creative points includ moving nodes which are originally immobile. The optimal number of cluster heads is selected, the energy is saved when heads working, and the protocol is improved in nodes telecommunication.