废热式温差发电器性能仿真

摘要

研究温差发电优化控制问题,温差发电技术是用回收废热转化为电能的转换器,使得温差发电运行稳定,产生大功率效能.温差发电技术涉及三大基本效应,导致其温度分布模型不清,难以实现上述目的.为了探究温差发电器的运行规律,指导温差发电器处于较大输出功率下运行,采用温差发电原理以及传热学理论,建立了一种用以求解温差发电器内部温度分布的数学模型.并以输出功率为目标函数,通过仿真计算得到温差发电器在不同工作条件下的性能特性.仿真比较发现,增强冷端散热能力是提高温差发电器输出功率的有效途径,且水冷效果相比空冷效果优势明显.实验结果可为优化温差发电器工作条件和提高其输出功率提供有价值的理论指导.%Thermoelectric generator technology, due to its several kinds of advantages, especially its promising applications to recover waste heat, has become a noticeable researcher direction. Thermoelectric technology involves three basic effects, which lead to the temperature distribution being difficult to solve. In order to explore operation law which makes thermoelectric generator have a bigger output power, a mathematical model based on thermoelectric principle and heat transfer theory has been built and was used to solve the temperature distribution of thermoelectric generator. The performance characteristics of thermoelectric generator in different operation conditions have been gained in the objective function of output power by simulating. By the comparison, it is found that reinforcing the heat transfer capability is an effective approach and the water is superior to the air for the cooling effect. The results can provide meaningful guidelines for optimizing operation conditions and improving output power of thermoelectric generator.