四旋翼无人水下航行器外形减阻优化设计仿真

摘要

关于水下航行器的外形减阻优化设计问题,四旋翼水下航行器是一种新型的水下航行器,具有稳定性好、机动性强等特点.由于四旋翼水下航行器结构特殊,所受水阻力较大,对其外形减阻优化十分必要.目前,四旋翼水下航行器的研究刚刚起步,其壳体外形减阻优化方法更是缺乏.针对四旋翼水下航行器的结构特点,采用计算流体力学方法,分析了推进器位置等因素对其所受水阻力的影响,并在满足重力一定量的条件下,对其以减阻为目标进行外形优化仿真.仿真结果表明,利用遗传算法优化设计后的外壳所受水阻力明显降低.%Quadrotor unmanned underwater is a new type of autonomous underwater vehicle with the features of good stability and maneuverability.Facing the problem of designing the shape of the quadrotor unmanned underwater vehicle,traditional design method cannot be suitable for the special underwater vehicle.In view of quadrotor unmanned underwater special structure,the impact of positions of propels on the water resistance and the reason for resistance coefficients were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.Then,optimization design for the purpose of the minimum water resistance was carried out.The results show that the water resistance of the optimized shape has been sharply reduced.