高压空气弹射器内弹道弹射性能优化设计

摘要

Aiming at the performance optimization of a high-pressure-air ejector,to enhance ejection performances of the ejector,analyzing influence factors to its ballistic characteristics is the focus of the optimization design.By establishing an interior ballistic mathematical model,the influence laws of air pressure,the initial temperature,the diameter of launch canister and the control valve size to interior ballistic characteristics were simulated with the single variable method and the calculating programs.Finally,the performance optimization problem was analyzed.Results show that appropriate increase of air pressure and the initial set temperature of air chambers can benefit the performance optimization;the launch canister's design should be decided on the consideration of the effect of gas in the low-pressure chamber and acquiring of enough thrust;size of the control valve should be matched with the launch canister diameter to achieve some functions,on the basis of which,its increase is possible.%针对某高压空气弹射器性能优化问题,为有效提升弹射器弹射性能,对内弹道特性影响因素进行分析,是优化设计中的重点.通过建立内弹道数学模型,采用单一变量方法,通过程序解算,数值模拟了气源压力、初始温度、发射筒径及控制阀尺寸等因素改变对内弹道特性的影响规律.最后对弹射器内弹道性能优化问题进行了分析.结果表明,为对内弹道弹射性能实行优化,可适当增大气源压力和提高气室初始设定温度,筒径设计应考虑筒内低压室气体的影响和推力的实现,控制阀尺寸应与筒径达到功能匹配,此前提下可适当增大尺寸.