油电混合动力电动汽车油耗优化控制仿真研究

摘要

This research proposes an optimization control for fuel consumption in electric-gasoline hybrid vehicle based on dynamic programming theory.The author built an equivalence relation between the fuel consumption and electric energy,and worked out rate of equivalent fuel consumption of gas-electric hybrid motor,then confirmed distribution power of engine and motor respectively according to minimum value of the fuel consumption and used the dynamic programming theory to define cost function of fuel consumption as objective function.Moreover,the research obtained optimal control variable at any time.Simulation results show that the method reduces fuel consumption of electric car.In the meantime,it keeps balance of battery charge state and makes fuel consumption lower than traditional power automobile.%对油电混合动力电动汽车进行油耗优化控制,可以有效提高其燃油的经济性和排放性.进行电动汽车油耗优化控制,需要运用动态规划理论来得到任意时刻的最优控制变量,来完成油耗优化控制.传统方法通过结合多目标遗传优化理论,选取能量流的分配,但得到的控制变量不准确,导致油耗控制误差大.提出基于动态规划理论的油电混合动力电动汽车油耗优化控制.首先建立油电混合动力电动汽车燃油消耗与电能之间的等价关系,计算出油电混合电机等效油耗率,依据汽车最小燃油消耗值确定发动机分配功率和电机分配功率,运用动态规划理论将汽车燃油消耗成本函数定义为目标函数,得到任意时刻的最优控制变量,由此组建油电混合动力电动汽车油耗优化控制模型.实验结果表明,所提方法在有效降低电动汽车油耗的同时保持电池荷电状态的平衡,使油电混合动力电动汽车的油耗低于传统动力汽车.