发动机冷却散热器匹配选型优化设计仿真

摘要

研究汽车发动机冷却系统散热器选型优化,针对散热器在保证具有足够的散热性能的前提下,要求其体积小、耗材少及效率更高等造型设计难点,提出了一种基于AMESim的发动机冷却系统建模仿真方法.利用AMESim软件建立了冷却系统主要元件子模型,给出了完整的发动机冷却系统模型及模型中的主要参数.在高温低速爬坡的极限工况下,选定散热器芯体的长、宽、厚及管排数等结构参数作为决策变量,对多组散热器匹配的冷却系统进行冷却能力检验及仿真验证.仿真结果表明,建立的模型可得出散热器芯子结构最优参数范围,为散热器选型及造型优化设计提供准确理论指导.%In the research of selection and optimization of radiator of vehicle engine cooling system,small size,low material consumption and high efficiency are required in the design for ensuring the sufficient cooling performance.Modeling and simulation for engine cooling system based on AMESim was proposed.The submodels of the cooling system's main components were built with AMESim software,and the complete engine cooling system model was established.Structural parameters of radiator core including length,width,thickness and the rows of tube as decision variables were selected.The cooling system of radiator matching of multiple groups was simulated and the cooling capacity was tested under the extreme conditions of high ambient temperature and low speed climbing.The simulation results show that the optimum range of the radiator core size and a reasonable number of tube rows was obtained through simulation model,and the simulation can provide accurate theoretical guidance for the selection and optimization of the shape of the radiator.