风力发电机风轮输出功率性能优化研究

摘要

针对风力机工作时叶片粗糙度引起风力机输出功率降低的问题,以动量-叶素理论为基础,充分考虑叶尖损失及风轮旋转效应的影响,建立了修正的风力机风轮空气动力学模型.通过耦合风力机翼型气动失速与修正的风轮空气动力学模型,在研究翼型表面光滑与粗糙条件下其气动性能特征基础上,提出了基于翼型表面粗糙度的风轮气动特性研究方法.以设计的2MW风轮为研究对象,在额定风速和转速工况下,研究了翼型表面粗糙度对风轮诱导因子、人流攻角及载荷特征等气动性能参数的影响,对比分析了不同风速下翼型表面粗糙度对风轮输出功率及风能利用系数的影响关系.研究结果表明,叶片翼型表面光洁度能够有效地提高风力机输出功率性能.%To solve the problem of the reduced output power caused by blade roughness,applying the momentum element theory,an aerodynamic model of wind turbine is carried out considering both rotation effect of rotor and tip loss of blades.Coupling the roughness performance of airfoils and correction aerodynamic model of rotor,the effect of airfoil roughness on aerodynamic performance of wind turbine rotor is investigated.As an example,one 2 MW wind turbine rotor is chose.Considering the influence of roughness,the inducing factors,angle of attack and load characteristics of the wind turbine rotor are calculated at the rated wind speed and rotating velocity.The output power and power coefficient of the rotor with the clean and rough airfoils are compared and discussed at the different wind speeds.The results show that the clean wind turbine blades can improve the output power of wind turbine.