关于光伏发电快速电池模拟器设计

摘要

在光伏发电系统优化设计中,为节省研发成本,提高设计效率,一般会采用光伏电池模拟器代替光伏电池进行相关实验.由于光伏电池数学模型是一个超越方程,运算过程特别复杂,而且输出具有非线性特性.传统的PID算法很难达到理想的控制效果,因此提出了一种采用光伏电池简化模型和模糊PID算法的快速光伏电池模拟器,采用BUCK-BOOST直流变换电路,TMS320F2812控制单元完成信号采样、数据计算和PWM输出.最后通过MATLAB和光伏电池模拟器样机对光伏电池在负载突变时的动态性能进行仿真和实验分析,实验结果与理论分析一致,验证了光伏电池简化模型和模糊PID算法的模拟器具有动态响应速度快、超调量小的优势,能很好的满足应用研究需求.%In order to facilitate the application and development of photovoltaic systems and reduce the cost of research,photovohaic cell simulator is generally used in place of photovoltaic cells to carry out related experiments.The mathematical model of PV cells is a transcendental equation,the operation process is very complex and its output has nonlinear characteristics.The traditional PID algorithm is difficult to achieve the ideal control effect.This paper presents a fast PV emulator based on photovoltaic battery simplified model and the fuzzy PID algorithm.This photovoltaic simulator is based on a BUCK-BOOST DC converter circuit,the signal sampling,data calculation and PWM output are completed in TMS320F2812 controller.Finally,the dynamic performance of PV cells in the load mutation is simulated and experimented by MATLAB and PV cell simulator prototype.The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis,it is proved that the simulator based on photovoltaic battery simplified model and the fuzzy PID algorithm has the advantages of fast dynamic response and small overshoot,which can satisfy the demand of application research.