海洋环境下小型短波鞭天线调谐性能仿真分析

摘要

Whip antenna is usually used in maritime small vessels in HF communication,but due to the constrained height and that the influence changing with the wind and waves causes the big changes in small HF whip antenna impedance and the low efficiency,tuning must be carried out.The input impedance characteristics of whip ant-enna is an important parameter of matching tuning.Through establishing a small whip antenna model under the Marine environment,simulation was conducted.According to the input impedance characteristics,a tuning method of giving priority was adopted to adjust the inductance,the adapted tuning network was designed and the parameter value of antenna matching networks was confirmed.The simulation result shows that the overall tuning effect is better.In the meantime,we analyzed the tuning network about solving the VSWR effect of the global optimal solution and the matching performance under the condition of different element numbers,adjusted the number of elements based on the results of the simulation,and obtained best matching effect.%海上小型舰艇的短波通信中通常使用鞭天线,但由于高度受限,随风浪变化的影响导致小型短波鞭天线阻抗变化大、效率低,因此必须进行调谐.天线的输入阻抗特性是研究匹配调谐的重要参数,通过建立海洋环境下小型鞭天线模型进行仿真分析.针对其输入阻抗特性,采用以调电感为主的调谐方法,设计与之适配的调谐网络,确定了匹配网络元件参数值,选择对分搜索算法进行仿真,整体调谐效果较好.同时针对对分搜索算法仿真结果,分析了在不同元件个数情况下的匹配精度,调整了匹配网络的元件个数,获得了更好调谐性能匹配.