矩形截面弹簧卷制机成形优化仿真研究

摘要

The essence of rectangular section spring forming process is metal plastic deformation.The forming process is complex and affected by many factors.It is difficult to produce high precision spring according to the theory of material mechanics and elastic mechanics.Aiming at the problems appearing in the rectangular section spring coiling process,such as folds and fractures,the finite element simulation of rectangular section spring forming process was carried out in MSC.MARC environment.The experimental scheme was established by orthogonal test,and the influence of different parameters,such as speed and temperature,on equivalent Mises stress was discussed and its distribution was analyzed.Research result shows that the increase of forming speed makes the spring stress increase and the farther it is from the mandrel,the more obvious it is.The stress of spring in high temperature coiling process is obviously less than that in middle and low temperature coiling processes.%矩形截面弹簧成形过程的本质是金属的弹塑性变形,成形过程复杂,影响因素多,根据材料力学以及弹性力学推导出来的理论公式很难制造出高精度的弹簧;针对当前矩形截面弹簧卷制过程中出现的褶皱以及断裂问题,在MSC.MARC环境下对矩形截面弹簧成形过程进行了有限元仿真模拟,采用正交试验法建立相应的试验方案,研究了成形过程中速度和温度两种参数对等效米塞斯应力的影响情况,并对分布情况进行了分析.研究结果表明:成形速度增大使弹簧所受应力增大,且距芯轴越远越明显;高温卷制加工时弹簧所受应力明显小于中低温卷制加工.