合理的调度可以在很大程度上提高人力资源在软件项目开发中的利用率.在研究了现有的任务调度算法的基础上,考虑了软件开发任务的可拆分特性,结合员工的技能水平与项目经验对任务调度的影响,定义了基于时间轴的多项目并行调度模型.该模型将任务按时间单元进行拆分,并且提出员工学习模式,用以动态改变员工的技能水平和项目经验,从而提高员工分配的灵活性,使得满足约束下的成本开销最小化,其中包含员工薪水和超时任务的开销.模型分解后,利用遗传算法求解,由于模型中约束条件众多,因此遗传算法中增加了各种启发式来提高算法性能.通过仿真实例验证了模型和算法的有效性.%Reasonable scheduling can greatly improve the utilization of the human resources in the process of software project development. Based on the research of current task scheduling algorithms, taking the separable of software development tasks, employee's skills and project experience into consideration, the multi-project concurrent scheduling model based on time-line which splits the tasks by time unit was defined to minimize the cost that includes the employees' salaries and the penalties of overtime. At the same time,in order to improve the flexibility of assignment of employees , the model also proposes that the employees' skills and experience can be improved by training and working on some tasks. Since the model contains many conditions,genetic algorithm with some heuristics is used to implement the model. The effectiveness of this model and algorithm is verified by the simulation results.
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