中尺度气象站网探测数据的UDP报文传输方法分析与研究

摘要

Meso9cale meteorological observing network distributes widely into various geographical environment in China. Its detecting data with high temporal and spatial resolution can be used in agriculture, industrial, disaster monitoring and so on. There are large-scale equipments named automatic weather station in this detecting network. Every station sends the real-time meteorological telegram accurately, timely and reliably to central data server. Compared with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) , User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is more efficient but undefendable. Combined with General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network, a wireless transmission in command mode with supplement and retransmission mechanism by enforced reliable UDP technology, can package detection data and send to central data-server. Presently, this system is formally used in Anhui Meteorological Association. Finally,results show that in terms of speed and the reliability is guaranteed at the same time.%中尺度气象站网覆盖面积广,探测数据时空分辨率高,可服务于工农业生产和灾害监测预警.针对观测网发报终端数量大,报文频次密集且长期连续发报,传输实时性、可靠性要求严格的特点,使用GPRS网络通讯模块建立效率高但可靠性无保障的UDP连接方式,依靠数据中心和发报端的交互机制,实现气象探测资料可靠传输.在安徽省地面气象探测网的应用表明,数据到报率符合中国气象局相关业务规范的要求.